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A haiku in English is a very short poem in the English language, following to a greater or lesser extent the form and style of the Japanese haiku. A typical haiku is a three-line observation about a fleeting moment involving nature. The first haiku written in English date from the early 20th century, influenced by English translations of traditional Japanese haiku, and the form has grown in popularity ever since. Many well-known English-language poets have written some haiku, though—perhaps because of their brevity—they are not often considered an important part of their work. Haiku has also proven popular in English-language schools as a way to encourage the appreciation and writing of poetry. ==Typical characteristics== "Haiku" is a term sometimes loosely applied to any short, impressionistic poem, but there are certain characteristics that are commonly associated with the genre: * a focus on some aspect of nature or the seasons〔(Definition of haiku ) by the Haiku Society of America〕 * division into two asymmetrical sections, usually with a cut at the end of the first or second section, creating a juxtaposition of two subjects–e.g. something large and something small, something natural and something human-made, two unexpectedly similar things, etc. * a contemplative or wistful tone and an impressionistic brevity〔Reichhold, 2002 p.21〕〔Gurga, 2003 p.105〕 * elliptical "telegram style" syntax and no superfluous words * imagery predominates over ideas and statements, so that meaning is typically suggestive, requiring reader participation * avoidance of metaphor and similes * non-rhyming lines Some additional traits are especially associated with English-language haiku (as opposed to Japanese-language haiku): * a three-line format with 17 syllables arranged in a 5–7–5 pattern;〔〔Shirane, Haruo. ''Love in the Four Seasons'', in Acta Universitatis Carolinae, Orientalia Pragensia XV, 2005, p135〕 or about 10 to 14 syllables,〔Ross, Bruce; ''How to Haiku''; Tuttle Publishing 2002 p.19 ISBN 0-8048-3232-3〕〔Gurga, Lee; ''Haiku - A Poet's Guide''; Modern Haiku Press 2003 p.16 ISBN 0-9741894-0-5〕 which more nearly approximates the duration of a Japanese haiku〔Higginson, William J., ''The Haiku Handbook'', McGraw-Hill, 1985, pp. 101-102 ISBN 0-07-028786-4.〕 with the second line usually the longest. Some poets want their haiku to be expressed in one breath〔Spiess, Robert; Modern Haiku vol. XXXII No. 1 p. 57 "A haiku does not exceed a breath's length." ISSN 0026-7821〕〔Reichhold, Jane; ''Writing and Enjoying Haiku - A Hands-On Guide''; Kodansha 2002 p.30 and p.75 ISBN 4-7700-2886-5〕〔Gurga, 2003, p.2 and p.15〕 * little or no punctuation or capitalization, except that cuts are sometimes marked with dashes or ellipses and proper nouns are usually capitalized 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Haiku in English」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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